Means for opening the bores of steels for rock drilling purposes



Dec. 6, 1927. 1,651,930

G. M. NELL MEANS FOR OPENING THE BORES OF STEELS FOR ROCK DRILLING PURPOSES Filed May 21, 1918 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 anon-H11 Dec. 6, 1927..

G. M. NELL MEANS FUR OPENING THE BORES OF STEELS FOR ROCK DRILLING PURPOSES Filed May 21 1918 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 attouvcq Dec. 6, 1927. I 1,651,930

G. M. NELL MEANS FOR OPENING THE BOHES OF STEELS FOR ROCK DRILLING PURPOSES Filed May 21, 1 ,3 4 sheets-sheet 3 'Dec. 6, 1927.

v a. M. NELL.

MEANS FOR OPENING THE BORES 0F STEELS FOR ROCK DRILLING PURPOSES Filed May 21 1918 4$heets-Sheet 4 H14 H mm! HIIIIM,

flttoz nag Patented Dec. 6, 1927 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

G-USTAVE M. NELL, 01? DENVER, COLORADO, ASSIGNQI-t TO THE DENVER ROCK DRILL MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF DENVER, CULORADO, A CORPORATION OF DELA- WARE.

MEANS FOR OPENING THE IBORElEl El STEELE: F015, ROGY-DRILLING PURPOSES.

Application filed May 21,

In the inanutacture, repair and sharpening at drill steels oi that type having longitudinal bores thercthrough, it is, ot course, necessary that the bores ot the completed steel be liully open. In some types of steel, lugi. are termed at oneend, and the lOlllltb tion and the sharpening ot the bits tend to close the openings or bores.

The primary object of the present invei1- 10 tion is to provide means for opening and properly gauging the ones ct thebores, and

a further object is to so construct the mechanism that it is compact and can be utilized as an attachment or adjunct to a drill sharpening apparatus.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a view in elevation oi a portion of a well known type of drill sharpener, showing the bore opening means in place thereon,

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through the operating mechanism,

Figure 3 is a rear end elevation,

Figure 4t is a cross sectional view on the line 47-4; of Figure 2,

Figures 5 and 6 are sectional views taken respectively on the lines 5-5 and (3-43 of Figure 4.

Figure 7 is a front elevation of a well known type of drill sbarpei'iing machine showing the invention mountedv t iereon.

ftiimilar reference numerals designate corresponding parts in all the tigures ot the drawings.

A portion ot the base ot a well known type o'l drill sharpener is shown at 7. Said sharpener employs relatively movable jaw elements 8 and 9 for securing the drill steels during the sharpening operations. In this respect they correspond to the elements 9 and 10 disclosed in Patent No. "LEM-.6041, ot Feljiruary 6, 1917. On one side or: these elements are fixed clamping jaws 10 and ll which are also relatively movable, and are shaped to grip a drill steel. a portion oi which is shown at 12. The steel is provided with a longitudinal bore it) therethrmigh, and in the manufacture. repair or seal-pening, this bore at the ends is apt to be e no lit is for the purpose of reopeniu and prop erlyshaping the smile that the following mechanism is provided.

Suitably secured to the base '4' at one "i the clam; jaws tn ilt is Ill) heads 23 and 1318. Serial No. fi35,821.

fastened by any suitable means, as bolts 15, and projecting beyond the base 7, as clear 1y shown in Figure 1. Upon the projecting end ot this base is bolted, as shown at 16, a mounting 17 supporting a fixed cylinder member or casing 18. The cylinder member is provided with heads 19, and operating therein, is a tubular piston having a plunger head 20 and oppositely extending reduced portions 21 that slidably pass through the heads 19.

The said tubular piston constitutes a cylinder and has an internal piston chamber 253 closed by a front head 23 and by a rear element or block 24, the latter abutting against and being held in place by a tubular plug block forming a rear head 2?. he tubular piston or cylinder 20-21 obviously constitutes a connection between the trout and rear The front head 23 contains a tappet or front anvil block 26, the rear end of which projects into the chamber 22, the trout end projecting beyond the head 28, and having a socket 27 to receive the rear end of a tapered punch pin 28. The tubular piston or cylinder 202l therefore constitutes a connection between the element or block 24: and the anvil block or tappet 26 with its punch pin 28. Moreover, the piston 20 con stitut'es movable means that operates in opposition to the anvil blocker tappet 26 and the force 0t. said piston 20 when moving rearnrdly is transmitted to the anvil block or tappet and consequently to the punch pin by means of the cylinder 21 and head This pin may be held in place by a transverse key and the arrangement is such that the pin will be aligned with the bore 13 ot, a drill steel clamped by the jaws l0 and 11, as will be evident by reference to Figure l. The tappet 26 has an annular flange 30 operating in the chamber 31 tormed in the head this chamber having communication with the piston chamber 22 through a passageway 32 and lateral ports 33, which open on opposite sides of the flange 30, A reciprocatory hammer piston 34c operates in the chamber 22 and strikes against the rear end of the tappet :26. said piston having e. rearward extension or neelt 35 that is slidable in the head 24 and projects into the chamber 36 of the plug 25.

The mounting 17 is formed with a alve casing having a tapered seat El" grid located said a rotary 1h tit valve;

provided with an actuating handle cranlr 3 The valve is hollow, as shown at 40, and motive fluid is supplied thereto by any suitable source through a coupling 41.. The valve is provided with a pair of lateral ports 42 that are respectively movable into communication with a supply passageway 43 leading through the bottom of the mount ing and having communication with a flexible conduit or hose 44 that is coupled, as shown at 45, to the rear end of the tubular piston 20, and is thus in communication with the chamber 36 of the plug or rear head 25. so that a passageway is thus formed which. extends through the cylinder -21 and opens into the casing to conduct motive fluid into said cylinder.

From the chamber 36. a passageway 46 leads to an annular groove 4;? formed in the head 24 around the piston stem 35, the portion of said stem adjacent to the head 24: having a reduced cro s sectional area, so indicated at d8. From the bore of the head 24, through which the stem passes, another passageway 49 leads toa port 50 opening into the front end of the chamber 22.. An exhaust port 51 is also in communication with the chamber 22, and opens into an exhaust passageway 52 that has an outlet port 53 to the atmosphere.

It will thus be evident that when the.

throttle valve 38 is turned. so that either port 42 communicates with the passageway 43, motive tluidwill enter the chamber When the piston hammer 84 is in the position shown in Figure 2. this motive fluid will flow through the passageway 46 and operate against the rear face of the head 34. The pressure against said head and the constant pressure against the rear end of the stem 35 will drive the piston hammer forwardly. the exhaust in advance of the same taking place through the port 51. A blow will thus be delivered against tie tappet 26 and this blow will, of course, be transmitted to the punch pin 28. ld henthe blow takes place, the rear end of the stem 35 of the piston will have traveled sutliciently far to uncover the passageway 49, while the passageway 46 will be closed by the larger portion of said stem. Motive fluid will therefore pass through the passageway 49 and port 50 and operate against the front face of the piston. the area thereof being greater than that of the rear end of the stem 35. and the head 34 having passed the port 51. the exhaust will take place from behind the head 34 and the piston be driven rearwardly.

As indicated in Figures 2 and 6. the mounting 17 is provided with oppositely can tending passageways 54 leading from the valve seat 37 and having ports 55 opening into the cylinder member 18 on opposite sides of the piston head 20. Themounting also is provided with oppositely extending exhaust passageways that open lo the almosphere and communicate with the valve casing below the passageway 54-. The vnlvc.

as clearly shown in Figures 4t and (3. is provided with a port 57 that is morablc into communication with either passagcwav 54. and likewise has a transversely disposed channel 58 that will atlord connnuniralion with the correspondingpassageways and 56. H theretore the valve 38 is turned in one direction, the port 57 will crnnmunicalc with one of the supply passageways Til. while the other supply pass gcway :i-jlwill he brought into communication with the corresponding exhaust passageway 56 by the channel 58. Consequently motive fluid can be supplied to the cylinder member on either side of the piston head 20 by turning the valve in either direction. and as above 0.;- plained. and as will be clear by reference to Figure 5, this movement will bring one of the ports 42 into communication with the passageway 48, so that motive fluid will he delivered to the hammer piston.

The operation of tl c apparatus is suhstan tially as follows. VVhcn the drill steel has been properly shaped, sharpened or other wise operated upon, and while its end is still heated sufficiently to permit the working of the metal. it is clamped between the jaws lo and 11. The throttle valve 38 is thcreupcm turned so that motive fluid will be supplied behind the piston head 20, and this will cause the tubular piston and the pin punch to be advanced to that the tree cud lhcrco'l will enter the bore 13 ot the drill steel. .-\t the same time the hammer piston 34 is sup plied with motive fluid and will deliver a rapid series of blows against the tuppct 2(3 consequently driving the pin into the bore and properly opening the same. When the operation is completed the valve handle. and consequently the valve. are turned in the opposite direction. whereupon motive fluid will be supplied against the trout taco oi the piston head 20 and the same will he retracted, carrying the pin away from the drill steel. During this operation the action ol' the hammer is continued, and this has been found advantageous in the extracting oi lhc pin from the steel.

The hammer B t and its pa th oi movement arc shifted with respect to the blow-receiving means, namely. the appct 2G to change the ettect of the hammer blows by relieving the tappet of thc blows when the cylinder and hammer are pulled back. The hanuucr 34 on its hacltward str-olcc does not contact vith the head or block 9-ihccuusc prior to its contact the reduced portion 48 oi the oxtension connnunicatcs with the supply port 49 and admits motive tiuid behind the hammer 34. and thus means arc provided for preventing the hammer piston 34- contacting with said block 24.

l. 3 ll ostess From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction, operation and many advantages of the herein described invention will be ap parent to those skilled in the art, without further description, and it will be understood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion and minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any oil the advan-v tages oi the invention.

What I claim, is

1. in apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a drill sharpener base and relatively movable drill steel clamping; jaw men'il'iers carried thereby, ot supplemental coactinp; jaws carried by the jaw members, a. pin punch for opening; the bore of a drill. steel placed in the jaws, supported on the base in reacting aligmnent with the supplemental jaws, means positively connected to the pin punch for causing; the advance of the pin punch toward the supplemental jaws and its movement away 'lrom the same, said means permitting a limited tree movement of the pin punch, and means tor automatically delivering rapidly repeated hammer blows upon said pin punch.

2. The combination with a. bore opening pin, of a fluid operated reciprocating); hammer, a tappet to which the pin is secured, said tappet being movable into and out of the effective path o't one end of the hammer on its movement in one direction, a device at the rear end of the hammer and movable to diilerent positions with respect to the tappet, and means connected to said device and movable into abutment with the tappet when the tappet is moved out of the eiiective path of the hammer.

3. The combination with a fluid operated reciprocatory piston hammer, ot a charm bercd head, a tappet movably mounted in the chamber of the head, a liioieopening pin of a size to enter the bore of a drill steel, said pin being tired to the tappet, said tappetbeing movable to the rear end of the chamber in. a position to receive the direct forward blows oi the piston hammer to drive i the pin into the bore, a head in rear of the til piston hammer and inoval'ile toward and from the tappet, and means connected to said head and movable into abutting; engagement with the tappet when the tappet is moved to the front portion. of the chamber.

i l. The con'ibination with a bore-opening pin, of fluid operated reciprocatory ham-- mer. means 't'or receiving; the force of the blows of said hami'ner and delivering them to the pin, and means for sliit'l'ijnp the hammer and its path of movement with respect to said blow receiving; means to change the citl ect oi the hammer blows on the pin.

5. The combination with a borecpeninp; pin, oi. a tluid operated reciprocatory hammer, means for receiving the force of the blows oit said hammer and delivering them to the pin, and fluid operated means for shifting; the hammer and its path of movement to change the effect of the hammer blows on the pin.

6. The COlYilJllliLtlOD with a tappet, of means :t-or securing a bore-en]arpgingpin thereto, rcciprocatory piston hammer, means for holdinp; the tappet in position to be struck directly by the hanmier on its movements in one direction, movable means operating in opposition to the tappet, means for transmittinn force from said means to the tappet, and means for relatively chang inn both the tappet and opposing means and the path ot' the piston hammer to cause the latter to effectively deliver the kinetic energy of the blows oi. said hammer either directly to said tappet or relieve it tromsaid direct blows.

7. The combination with a recipro'catorv piston han'imer, ot a chambered head in advance oil the same, a, reciprocable tappet mounted in the head and having a flange in the chamber that limits the movement of said tappet, a. borc-cnlargring pin lined to the tappet and projecting; beyond the head, said piston hammer in its forward movement beinp; adapted to strike the rear end of the tappet when the flange thereof is at the rear end ot' the chamber, an oppositely disposed means in rear of the piston hamn'ier, means connected to the head and to the oppositely disposed means, and fluid-operated means "for shifting the piston hammer and its path ot niovci'nent to cause the said hammer to either strike the tappet directly and deliver if'orii'ard blows thereto or relieve said tappet ot said-blows and causing; the head to be abuttcd against the tappct.

R. The combination with a '[luid operated rcriprocatimr lnmiinci'. ot a t-ippct movable into and out ot' the range ot the hammer, means tor dctachably lining a drill steel pin punch to said tappct so as to move therewith, iiiieaus 'tor cane-imp; said hammer to dcliver the kinetic energy of a series of blows to said lappet to etleet the movement of the tappet in a. direction to drive the pin punch into the bore ot a drill steel, and means mov-- able into abutting; relation with a front taco ot the tappet when the tappet is moved out of direct range (it the hammer, said means having a portion located at the rear of the hammer.

9. The combination with a fluid operated reciprocating hammer, of a tappct movable into and out ot the range of the hau'miicr, a cylinder member housing both hammer and tappet and permitting their independent and their relative play, means for dctacl ably tixmg; a drill steel pin punch to the tappct to move therewith, and means for moving the cylinder member in opposite directions and delivering tiuid to the hammer to cause it to operate on the tappet when the cylinder is moved in one direction.

10. The combination with a cylinder member movable in opposite directions, of a tappct movably mounted in oneend ot the same, means carried by the cylinder member for limitingsaid movement and causing the tappet to be moved in opposite directions with the cylinder member, said tappet having a socket for a pin punch, means for detachably securing; a drill steel pin punch in the socket ot the tappet, a fluid operated piston hammer in the cylinder member and adapted to deliver blows to the tappet, and means causing. said hanuner to operate during;- the movement of the cylinder member in either-oi opposite directions.

11. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a pin punch for opening the bore ot a drill steel of a movable clamp for holding: drill steels in position to receive the pin punch, means con nected to the punch tor moving the punch both toward and from the clamp. a, fluid actuated hammer, means tor rupplyi g motive fluid to the hammer to cause rapid rectilinear reciprocation, when the punch engaged in the bore of the drill steel both during its movements toward and "from the clamp..-

12. In apparatus of the character torth, the combination with a base, of a drill steel clamp mounted on the base, a bracket on the base, a pin punch for opening the bore of a drill steel placed in the clamp, means on the bracket and positively connected to the punch for moving the punch both toward and from the clamp, a fluid actuated hammer, and means for supplying motive fluid to the hammer to cause its rapid reciprocation when the punch is engaged in the bore of the drill steel both during its n'iovements toward and from the clamp.

13. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a pin punch for opening the bore of a drill steel or": a n1ovable clamp for holding drill steels in position to receive the pin punch, fluid actuated means connected to the punch both tor advancingthe punch toward and withdrawing it away from the clamp, a fluid actuated han'nner carried by said means. and means for supplying motive fluid to the hammer to cause its rapid reciprocation when the punch is engaged in the bore of the drill steel both during its movements toward and from the clamp under the action of the fluid actuated means.

14. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a base, of a drill steel clamp mounted on the base, a bracket on the base, a pin punch for opening the bore of a drill steel placed in the clamp, a cylinder mounted on the bracket, a tubular piston operating in the cylinder, means for supply resneao iug motive fluid to the cylinder to move the piston, a tappet mounted in the piston and having means for holding, the punch. a fluid actuated hammer piston within the tubular piston and within the cylinder, and means for supplying motive fluid to the tubular piston to actuate the hammer piston, both during; the movements oil the punch toward and from the clamp.

l5. in apparatus ot the character set forth, the combination with a base. oi a drill stccl clamp mounted thereon. a bracket projecting from the base, a cylinder member, a mounting for securing the cylinder member to the bracket, said mounting having :1 valve casino, a tubular piston operating in the cylinder member, passageways tor deliverinn motive fluid trom the valve ca sing; to the c lmder member against opposite laces of the tubular piston, a. tappet located in one end of the tulmlar piston and including a. tool coclreha pin punch in the tool socket adapted to enter and open the bore ol a drill steel placed in the clamp, a hammer piston in the tubular piston and within the cylinder and separate from and operating on the tap pe, means tor supplying motive fluid from the valve casing to the tubular piston and distributing it to the hammer piston for continuously operating; the latter, means for transmitting the kinetic energy of the rapidly repeated blows of the hammer to the punch, and a valve for controlling the passiageways and supply means.

16. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a punch pin for operating in the bore of a steel of a movable clamping means in advance of the pin for holding steels in position to receive the pin, power operated means engaged with the punch pin for ad *ancinp; it into and withdrawing it from said bore. a powder operatet hammer and means for o 'icrating the hammer both during: the advancement and withdrawal of the punch pin by said means.

17. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a drill steel clamp, con'iprising relatively movable clamping members ol a punch pin for operating in the bore of a steel clamped therel'iy, fluid operated means for automatically delivering rapidly repeated hammer blows to the punch pin, fluid operated means for advancing the punch pin toward the clamp and withdrawing it away from the same while the hammer is in rapid movement, and means sup porting; the said fluid operated means both in its advancing and. withdrawing movements.

18. In apparatus of the character act forth, the combination with a drill steel clamp, comprising relatively movable cla1nping jaws of a punch pin for operating in the bore ol? a steel clamped thereby, a support, fluid operated means movably mounted on the support for automatically delivering ill) iii

Ill

rapidly repeated hammer blows, fluid operated means connected to the pin punch for advancing the punch pin toward the clamp and positively withdrawing it away from the same while the hammer is in rapid movement, means "tor supplying motive fluid to both the han'ln'ier and the moving means, and a connnou valve tor controlling the supply of motive fluid to both.

it). In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a drill steel clamp, comprising relatively movable clamping jaws oi? a punch pin for operating in the bore of a steel clamped thereby, a fixed sup port adjacent the steel clamp, fluid operated means for automatically delivering rapidly repeated hammer movements, fluid operated means on the support connected to the pin punch t'or advancingthe punch pintoward the clamp and positively withdrawing it away from the same while the hammer is in action, means for supplying motive fluid to both the hammer and the moving means, a common valve for controlling the supply of motive fluid to both, and means for causing the hammer to be operated to assist the fluid operated feeding means to move the pin punch both in the advancing and Withdrawal movements oi the same by the fluid operated means. i j

20. In apparatus of the character set :torth, the combination with a drill sharpener base and relatively movable drill steel clamping jaw members carried thereby, of supplemental coactingjaws carried by the jaw members at one side of the same, a pin punch supported on the base out of line with the jaw members but in coacting alignment with the supplemental aws, and means for causing the advance of the pin punch toward the supplemental jaws and its movement away from the same.

2]. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a drill sharpener base and relatively movable drill steel clamping jaw members carried thereby, of supplemental coacting jaws carried by the jaw members on one side of the same, a bracket secured to the base, a pin punch mounted on the bracket in enacting alignment with the supplemental aws and out oi alignment with the jaw members, and means for causing the pin punch to be ad vanced to enter and open the bore of a drill steel secured by the supplemental jaws.

22. The combination with a bore opening pin, of a fluid operated reciprocating hammer movable with respect to the pin, means for causing said hammer to impart a series of driving blows to said pin longitudinally thereof to drive it into the bore to be opened and for causing a series of complete full speed movements of the hammer when the pin is withdrawn from said bore after it has been driven thereinto, said hammer during its movement between the limits of its stroke being free fronnthe pin.

23. The combination with a bore opening pin, of a fluid operated reciprocating hammer movable with respect to the pin, and means for transmitting to the pin longitudinally thereof a series of blows trom one end of said hammer to drive the pin into a bore and for causing a series of full speed movements oi the hammer when the pin is pulled out of the bore alter it has been driven thereinto, said hammer during its movement between the limits of its stroke being free from the pin.

24. In a shank and bit punch, the combi nation with a drill steel clamp, of a pin punch for opening the bore of a drill steel placed in the clamp, a stationary casing, a hammer cylinder having a plunger head movable forwardly and rearwardly in said casing by fluid pressure for advancing the punch toward and withdrawing it away from the clamp, a fluid actuated piston hammer in said cylinder for delivering repeated blows to the punch when engaged in the bore of the drill steel, and means including a valve for distributing motive fluid to the casing and to the said cylinder through said casing.

25. In a shank and bit punch, the combination with a drill steel clamp, 01 a pin punch for opening the bore of a drill steel placed in the clamp, a stationary casing, means for fixedly mounting the same in spaced relation to the clamp, a hammer cylinder having a plunger head movable for wardly and rearwardly in said casing by fluid pressure for advancing the punch toward and withdrawing it away from the clamp, a fluid actuated piston hammer in said cylinder for delivering repeated blows to the punch when engaged in the bore of the drill steel, and means including a valve for distributing motive fluid to the casing and to said cylinder forwardly of said plunger head.

26, In a shank and bit punch, the combi nation with a drill steel clamp, of a pin punch for opening the bore of a drill steel placed in the clamp, a stationary casing, a hammer cylinder having a plunger head movable forwardly and rearwardly in said casing by fluid pressure for advancing the punch toward and withdrawing it away from the clamp, a fluid actuated piston hammer in said cylinder for delivering repeated blows, means for causing the tlorce of said blows to be transmitted to the punch when till engaged in the bore oil the drill steel, a passageway through said cylinder opening into the casing to conduct motive fluid into said cylinder, and means including a valve and said passageway for distributing motive fluid to one side oi said plunger head during the movement of the hammer cylinder n as in one direction while constantly supplying motive fluid to actuate the, piston hammer to cause it to automatically and rapidly reciprocate on both the forward and "he rearward movements of the hammer cylinder.

'27. In a shank and bit punch, the combination with a drill steel clamp, of a pin punch for opening the bore of a drill steel placed in the clamp, a stationary casing, a hammer cylinder having a plunger head movable forwardly and rearwardly in said casing by fluid pressure for advancing the unch toward and withdrawing it away trom the clamp, a fluid actuated piston hammer in said cylinder for delivering repeated blows, means'tor causing the force of said blows to be transmitted to the punch when engaged in the boreof the drill steel, a passageway through said cylinder opening into the caslng to conduct motive fluid into sa1d cylinder, and means including a valve and said passageway for distributing motive fluid behind said plunger head during the movement of the hammer cylinder in one direction, while constantly supplying motivefluid to actuate the piston hammer to cause it to rapidly reciprocate on both the forward and the rearward movements of the hammer cylinder.

28. In a shank and bit punch, the combination with a drill steel clamp, of a pin punch for opening the bore of a drill steel placed in the clamp, a stationary casing, a hammer cylinder having a plunger head movable forwardly and rearwardly in said casing by fluidpressure for advancing the punch toward and withdrawing it away from the clamp, a fluid actuatedpiston hammer in said cylinder, means for delivering the force of the repeated blows of the piston hammer to the punch when engaged in the bore of the drill steel, a passageway through Said cylinder opening into the casing to conduct motive fluid into said cylinder, and

means including a valve and said passageway for distributing motive fluid in front of said plunger head during the movement of the hammer cylinder in one direction while constantly supplying motive fluid to actuate the piston hammer to cause it to rapidly reciprocate on both the forward and the rearward movements of the hammer cylinder.

29. In a shank-and bit punch, the combination with a drill steel clamp, of a pin punch for opening the bore of a drill steel placed in the clamp, a stationary casing, a

hammer cylinder having a plunger head movable forwardly and rearwardly in said casing by fluid pressure for advancing the punch toward and withdrawing it away from the clamp, a fluid actuated piston hammer in said cylinder, a passageway through said cylinder opening into the casing to conduct motive fluid into said cylinder, and

means including a valve and said passage-- way for distributing motive fluid to said plunger head to efl'ect the movement of the hammer cylinder in one direction, while constantly supplying motive fluid to actuate the piston han'nncr to cause it to auto1nati-- cally deliver repeated blows in rapid succession during such movement of the hammer cylinder.

30. In a shank and bit punch, the combination with a drill steel clamp, 01 a pin punch for opening the bore of a drill steel placed in the clamp, a casing, a hami'nor cylinder having a plunger head, a fluid actuated piston hammer in said cylinder for delivering repeated blows, passageways leading to said casing rear ardly of the said cylinder plunger heat and through said casing to the interior of said cylinder, a valve for connection to a source of motive fluid supply and having alternate positions whereby motive fluid may be introduced simultaneously to said cylinder plunger head and interior of the c' 'linder in one position of the valve and exhausted from the casing at one side of said plunger head and admitted to the other side oil said plunger head in an other position of said valve.

31. in a shank and bit punch, the combination with a drill steel clump, of a pin punch for opening the bore of: a drill steel placed in the clamp, a casing a cylinder within said casing having a plunger h ad and guided in said casing at one end, a hammer piston within said cylinder for delivering repeated blows passage *ays in said casing leading to the front of the plunger head and to the interior of the cylinder for the introduction of motive fluid to said cylinder. a passageway in said casing reaiuvardly of said plunger head, and a uilve associated with all said passageways and having ulternate operating positions in both of which access is had by motive fluid to the cylinder and in only one of which access is had by motive fluid to the casing rearwardly oi said plunger head.

32. In a shank and hit punch. the courbination with a tixed casing. ot a cyl nder mounted to reciprocate in the casing and having a plunger head also in the casing. piston hammer located in the portion of the cylinder that is in the cas ng, :1 pin punch for opening the bore oi a drill steel, u1ovably carried by the cylinder and projecting beyond the casing. said pin punch being operated on by the piston hauuuer. u cou trolling valve. and pussagtuiuvs in the cusing controlled by the valve and leading from the valve to the interior of the casing in ud-' vance ol and behind the plunger head and through the cylinder member to supplv motive fluid thereto.

In a shank and hit punch. the combination with a fixed casing, of a cylinder diiv ithin the cylinder that strikes the anvil block and has means tor distributing motive Ill movably located in the casing and having an external plunger head in the casing, an anvil block movably mounted in one end of the cylinder, a pin punch for opening the bore oi. adrill steel detachably lixed to the outer end of the anvil block and projecting beyond the cylinder and easing, a piston hammer fluid to eiiect its own operation, passageways formed in the casing and through the cylinder tor delivering motive fluid to the interior oi the casing on oppo ite sides of the plunger head and to thti interior oil' the cylinder for supplying motive tlnid to the hammer piston, and a single valve controlling the passageWays- 34. ln a shank and bit punch, the combination with a lined casing, ot a cylinder movably located in the casing and having an external plunger head in the fusing, an anvil block movably mounted in one end oil? the cylinder, a pin punch for opening the bore of a drillsteel detachably lined to the outer end ot the anvil block and projecting beyond the cylinder and easing, a piston hammer within the cylinder that strikes the anvil block and has means for distributing motive fluid to e'tlect its own operation, passageways formed in the casing and through the cylinder for delivering motive fluid to the interior of the casing on opposite sides of the plunger head and to the interior of the cylinder for supplying niotive fluid to the hammer piston, and a single valve controlling thepassageways and adn'iitting inotive fluid to the interior of the cylinder both when motive liuid is being admitted to the interior of the casing in front of and behind the plunger head. I

35. In a shank and bit punch, tl e combination with a fixed rasii'ig, ot' a cylinder movably located in the casing; and having an external plunger head in the casing, an anvil block movably mounted in one end of the cylinder, a pin punch for opening the bore of a drill steel detachably fixed to the outer end of the anvil block and projecting beyond the cylinder and casing, a piston hammer Within the cylinder that strikes the anvil block, a valve chamber, a passageway c1;- tending from the valve chamber through the casing and to the interior of the cylinder lior supplying motive llui' d to operate the piston hammer, a passageway in the casing lead ing from the valve chamber to the interior of the casing in rear of the plunger head, an exhaust passageway leading from the valve chamber, and a valve in the valve chamber that is movable to a position to supply motive lluid to the passageway leading to the rear oi the plunger head and to another position to connect said passageway to the exhaust, said valve in both positions admitting motive fluid to the cylinder.

outer end oi tie anvil b ock and projecting beyond the cylinder and easing, a piston hammer w thin the cylinder that striltes the anvil bloclt, a valve rhan'iber in the casing below the cylinder, a passageway extending from the valve chamber through the casing and to the interior oi the cylinder tor sup plying motive lluid to open the piston hammer, a pt igeway in the ct sing leading from the valve chamber to the interior of the casing in rear oi? the plunger head, on erehaust passageway leading from the valve ehaml'ier, and a valve in the valve chamber that movable to a position to supply mo-- tivc l'luid to the passageway leading to the rear ot the plot "r head and to another po stion to connect .nid passageway to the on haust, said valve in both positions adn'iitting motive lluid to toe cylinder.

37. In a tluid actuated machine for punch ing hollow articles, the conibination of a cylinder and reciprocatinggg hammer piston, elc-- ments separate ttroin the piston at each end of the cylinder, one element being adapted to carry a pin, and means tor causing the piston on it, reciprocation to deliver its kinetic energy to one of the said elements or relieve said element therefrom according to the direction in which the pin is to be moved.

38. In a fluid actuated machine for punching hollow articles, the combination of u lined cylinder or casing and reciprocating hami'ner piston, elements separate from the piston at each end of the cylinder or casing, one element being adapted to carry a pin, front and rear heads movable relatively to the cylinder or casing, and means for moving said heads to bring said elements into dillerent positions with respect to the pincarrying element according to the direction in which the pin is moved.

39. In a fluid actuated machine for punching hollow articles, the combination of a cylinder or casing and reciprocating hammer piston, frontand rear elements sepa' rate from the pision,tl1e trout element being adapted tocarry a pin, a front head and a rear head for the cylinder or casing, other front and rear heads connected together and movable relatively to said .l'irst :lront and rear heads, and means br moving said latter heads to bring the rear element to dilterent portions with res 'iectto the front element according to the direction in which the pin is to be n'ioved. ll). in av fluid actuated machine :l'or punching hollow articles, the combination of a cylinder or casing and reciprocating being associated with the elements, andmeans for moving said second heads to bring the pin-carrying element into different positions with respect to the path of the pis all) ton according to the direction in which the pin is to be moved.

l1. In a fluid actuated machine. for punching hollow articles, the combination of a cylinder or casing and a double ended reciprocating hammer piston, elements sepa-- rate fromthe piston at the opposite ends of and in line with the hammer piston, one ele ment being adapted to carry a pin, heads movable with respect to the cylinder or cas mg and associated with the respective elements, and means connecting said heads to effect their movements to ditl 'erent positions with respect to the pin carrying element according to the direction in which the pin moved. 7 7

42. In a fluid actuated machine for punching hollow articles, the combination with a cylinder or casing, of spaced heads movable with relation to the cylinder or casing, a connection between the heads that is reciprocable with respect to the cylinder' or casing, an anvil block movably mounted in one of the heads and adapted to carry a pin, a separateelement spaced from the anvil block and abutting against the other head, and a hammer piston operating between the anvil block and element and adapted to impart blows of impact to one and relieve, it of said blows according to their respective positions and the direction in which the pin is moved.

43. In a fluid actuated machine for punching hollow articles, the combination with cylinder or casing, of spaced front and rear heads movable with relation to the cylinder or casing, a connection between the heads that is reciprocable with respect to the cylinder or casing, an anvil block movably mounted in the front head and adapted to carry a pin, a separate element spaced from the anvil block and abutting against the rear head, and a double-ended hammer piston operating between the anvil block and element and adapted to impart its kinetic energy to one or relieve it therc'lrom according to their respective positions and the direction in which the pin is moved.

4A. In a fluid actuated machine for punching hollow articles, the combination with a cylinder or casing, ot spaced heads mov able with relation to the cylinder or casing, a connection between the heads that is reciprocable with respect to the cylinder or cas:

eereeo one according to their respective positions"" and the direction in which the pin is moved, and means for moving said head and corn nections to change ti 0 positions of the anvil block with respect to the travel of the piston.

In a lluid actuated machine for punching hollow articles, the combination with a .ilXGtl cylinder or casing, of fixed heads there tor, a reciprocable member mounted on the casing and having spaced heads, an anvil block mounted in one of the latter heads and capable of limited movement therein, said anvil block being adapted to carry a pin, an element spaced from the anvil block and abutting against the other head, a fluid operated hammer piston separate from but located bet-ween the anvil block and element and adapted to in'ipart or not impart kinetic energy to one accordingly as the heads and connection are shil'ted with respect to the cylinder or casing.

do. In a fluid actuated machine for punching hollow articles, the combination with a drill steel clamp, 01 a cylinder and reciprocating hammer piston, a block at each end oi? the cylinder, one block being adapted to carry a pin for opening the bore of a drill steel placed in the clamp, means tor causing the hammer piston to impart or not impartits kinetic energy to one of the said blocks according to the direction in which the pin is to he moved in the drill steel, fluid actuated means for feeding the machine forwardly towards the clamp and for retracting the machine away from the clamp, and means for controlling the distribution of motive fluid to both the hammer cylinder and the feeding mechanism, to cause the hammer piston to automatically deliver repeated blows in rapid succession while :leeding taking place.

d7, In a fluid actuated machine for punching hollow articles, the combination with a drill steel clamp, ot' a cylinder and reciprocating halnmer piston, a block at each end of the cylinder, one block being adapted to carry a pin for opening the bore of a drill steel placed in the clamp. means For causing the han'nner piston to impart or not impart its kinetic energy to one of the said bloc is according to the direction in which the pin is to be moved in the drill steel, fluid actuated means for feeding the machine :lorwardiy toward the clamp and for retracting the machine away from the clamp, a common valve controlling the supply of motive fluid, and ports and passages leading from the said valve to both the hammer cylinder and the feeding mechanism, whereby the operations of the piston and feeding are simultaneous and controlled by the same valve, both in the advancing and withdrawal movements.

48. Ina fluid actuated machine for punching hollow articles, the combination with a drill steel clamp, of a cylinder and valveless differential reciprocating hammer piston having a head and a shank, a block at each end of the cylinder, one block being adapted to carry a pin for opening the bore of a drill steel placed in the clamp, means for causing the hammer piston to impart or not impart the kinetic energy of its repeated blows to meet the said blocks according to the direction in which the pin is to be moved in the drill steel, and automatic fluid actuated feeding mechanism for the machine, whereby the hammer piston will automatically and rapidly reciprocate while feeding is taking place either forwardly or backwardly.

49. In an apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a drill steel clamp, of a pin punchfor opening the bore of a drill steel placed inthe clamp, fluid actuated means for advancing the punch to ward and withdrawing it away from the clamp, a hammer cylinder carried by said means having a block at each end, one block carrying the pin punch, a hammer piston in the cylinder for delivering the kinetic energy of its repeated blows to one of the said blocks when the punch is engaged in the bore ofthe drill steehand means for supplying motive fluid to the hammer to cause it to automatically deliver such repeated blows in rapid succession;

50. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a drill steel clamp, of a punch pin for operating in the bore of a drill steel clamped thereby, fluid operated means for automatically delivering rapidly the force of its repeated blows to the punch pin, comprising a cylinder having a block at each end, one block carrying the punch pin, and a hammer piston in the cylinder, and fluid operated means for advancing the punch pin toward the clamp and withdrawing it away from the same while the hammer is in action.

51. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a drill steel clamp, of a punch pin for operating in the bore of a steel clamped thereby, fluid operated means for automatically delivering the force of its rapidly repeated hammer blows to the punch pin, comprising a cylinder having a block at each end, one block carrying the punch pin, and a hammer piston in the cylinder, fluid operated means for advancing the punch pin toward the clamp and withdrawing it away from the same while the hammer is in action, means for supply ing motive fluid to both the hammer and the moving means, and a common valve for controlling the supply oi. motive fluid to both.

52. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination of a drill steel clamp, a punch pin for operating in the bore of a drill steel clamped thereby, fluid operated means for automatically delivering the force of rapidly repeated hammer blows to the punch pin, comprising a cylinder having a block at each. end, one block carrying the punch pin, and a hammer piston in the cylinder, fluid actuated means for advancing the punch pin toward the clamp and withdrawing it away from the same while the hammer is in action, means for supplying motive fluid to both the hammer and the moving means, and a. common valve for controlling the supply of motive fluid to both, and permitting the simultaneous action of the hammer and moving means both in the advancing and withdrawal move ments.

53. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a drill steel clamp, of a pin punch for opening the bore of a drill steel placed in the clamp, means positively connected to the punch for moving the punch both toward and from the clamp, 21 fluid actuated hammer mechanism for delivering the force of repeated blows to the punch when engaged in the bore of the drill steel, said mechanism comprising a cylinder having a block at each end, and a reciprocating hammer piston in the cylinder, and means for supplying motive fluid to the hammer to cause it to automatically deliver such repeated blows in rapid succession.

54. In a fluid actuated machine for punch- :ing hollow articles. the combination with a cylinder and reciprocating piston bodily movable toward and from the article to be punched, of a block at each end of the cylinder, one bloclrbeing adapted to carry a pin, means for causing the piston to impart or not impart the kinetic energy of its blows to one of the said blocks according to the direction in which the pin is to be driven, fluid actuated means for feeding the machine forwardly and for retracting the machine, and' manually actuated means for controlling the distribution of motive fluid to both the punching machine and the feeding mechanism.

55. In a fluid actuated machine for punching hollow articles, the combination with a cylinder and reciprocating piston bodily movable toward and from the article to be punched, of a block at each end of the cylinder, one block being adapted to carry a pin, means for causing the piston to impart or not impart the force of its blows to one of the said blocks according to the direction new in which the pin is: to-bez driven, fluid, actu ated means for! feeding the machine fore wardliy. and for. retracting the machine; a: manually actuated valve controlling the supply of motive fluid, and: ports and passages: leading from the" said valve to botln the punching machine and the: deedmg mechanism, whereby the OPGIifJilBlOIlS Off punching and: feeding are=controlled by the, 1'0 samevalve.

' 56. Iniaflui-d EIClZUQtQdEIHQOhlHGEfOR pnnclu ing hollow anticles; the: combination with-A a cylinden and reciprocating piston: bodily movable toward and from the article;v to be 1'5 punched, of a block at each: end otthe cylrnder, one block being adapted to carrya pm, means for causing the piston to impant ornot impart theforce of its blows to; one of? the said blocks accondlng to: the direction in which the'pin' is tolbednivemfluid actuated:

means for feeding the machine' fonwandly' and -for retlractingt he machine, 7 a valve com trolling the supply oii' motive fluid, ports and passages leadingfrom the said valve'atoi 2 both thepunching machine and the feeding mechanism, whereby: the operations of punching and fcedingane controlled lay-the samevalv', and? a hand leverfor actuatingr said valve.

57. In a fluid actuated machine for punch ing hollow articles, the combination witha cylinder bodily movable toward and from the article to" be punched and a valveless: dilierential reciprocating: piston insaid cylinder having a head and a shank, of a:bl'0ck: at each" end ofthe cylinder, one block: being" adapted to carry a pin, means for causing the piston to impart ornot impart the force of its blowsto one of the said blocksaccording to the direction in Which'thepin is to-bedriven, automaticfluid actuated feeding mechanism for the machine, and a motive fluid controlling valve for the punching mechanism and feeding mechanism mounted on a portion of 'the' machine.

58. In a fluid actuated machineforpunch ing hollow articles, the combination witha drill steel clamp, of" a cylinder an'd neciprm ca ting: piston, a block-- at each endot the cylinder, one block being adapted to" carry a pin' for opening the bore of a drill steel placed in"- the clamp; means for'ca-usi'ng'the' hammer piston to impart'or' not impart'th'e' kinetic energy of repeated blowsto one-cf the said blo'cks accordin'gto the direction lll which the pin is to be driven eitherinto-or out of" the drill steel; fluid actuated means for feeding the machineforwardly toward the" clamp and for ret'racting the machine away fronrthe clamp, a common valve con trolling 'the supply of'motive fluid, an'd port's and: passagesleading from the-said valve-to both the hammer cylinder, and thefeeding 'mechanism, whereby the operations of punching and feeding are COHl'IOllQdl by the same valvez 59: In a chuck and bit punch for drill steels, the-combination of means for holding the drill steel, a hammer cylinder, air anvil block mounted in said cylinder, a. pin carnied by saidfauvil block and adapted to enter the drill steel, a fluid actuated reciprocating hammer piston in said cylinder adapted to hammer the pin into the drill steel by rcpeated blows against the anvil hloch lll OllG direction, means for pulling on the cylinder to extract the pin from the drill steel and means fol continuing the operation of the hammer piston to assist" in withdrawing-the pin: out: oi": the drill steel.

60; In apparatus of the character set forth. the combination with means: for bolding'thc drilli steel, of a hammer cylinder, an annilibloclt mounted in said cylinder, a pin carried" by said block and adapted to" entelr the di'illi steel,v a fluid actuated hammen pis ton in said cylinder adapted to hammerthe pin into the drill steel by repeated blows against: the anvil block: in one direction, means connectcd" to the anvili blocli: and located in: rear oh the hammer pistonto assist" in withdrawing the-pin from the drill steel, and means for preventingthe hammcrpis ton contacting with said lattcrnieans:

61. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with means for hold ing the drill steeh of a hammer cylinder, an anvilblockmounted in said cylinder, a pin carried by said block and adapted to enterthe drill steel, a fluidactuatedhammer pis= ton in said cylinder adapted to hammer the pin into the drill steel by repeated blows against the anvil block in one direction, a

block: connected to the anvil block and located in" rear o't the hammer piston, and

means for preventing the hammer pistoir contacting with said blbck.

62. Iii apparatusof thc cha actor setforth the combination with means for holding a pin punch, and means for holding a drill steel witlrits bore inline with thepin punch, ot a hammeirpiston, an anvil block carry ing the pin punch andmovable into and out of the path of one end ol the hammer pis ton, a block at the opposite end of the pis ton connected to I the piir punch and movable toand from a: position at different distances from the anvil block; and means forpreventing the hammer piston contacting with" said bloclt when moved to its nearer said position.

63. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a punch pinealrier and a punch pin mounted thereon for enteringthe bores of drill steels, of means for supporting drill steels with their ends in line with the punch pin to permit the same toenter the bores thereof, means for causing a relative movement between the punch pin carrier and the support toward and from each other for the purpose of entering the pin into the bores of the steels and withdrawing it there'lrom a fluid oper ated hammer, and means for causing the hammer to be operated and cooperate with the moving means during the relative movement of the carrier and support towards each other to introduce the punch pin into the bores of drill steels and during their relative movement away from each other in dislodging the pin from the drill steels.

64. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a punch pin for entering in the bore of a drill steel, of means for holding steels with their ends in a position to receive the punch pin, fluid operated means for advancing the punch pin to move it into the steel and for withdrawing it from the steel, a fluid operated hammer and means for supplying fluid to the fluid operated means, and simultaneously to the hammer to operate both and cause them to cooperate in moving the unch pin into the drill steels and in with rawing the punch pin therefrom.

In testimony whereof, I ailix my signature.

GUSTAVE M. NELL. 

